{"id":1723,"date":"2021-06-15T11:50:37","date_gmt":"2021-06-15T03:50:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zgkqwh.com\/?p=1723"},"modified":"2021-06-15T11:50:38","modified_gmt":"2021-06-15T03:50:38","slug":"%e9%82%b1%e8%94%9a%e5%85%ad%e4%bb%8e%e5%93%b2%e5%ad%a6%e3%80%81%e5%8e%86%e5%8f%b2%e4%b8%8e%e8%89%ba%e6%9c%af%e8%a7%92%e5%ba%a6%ef%bc%9a%e6%b5%85%e8%b0%88%e5%8f%a3%e8%85%94%e5%8c%bb%e5%ad%a6%e6%96%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.zgkqwh.com\/?p=1723","title":{"rendered":"\u90b1\u851a\u516d|\u4ece\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u89d2\u5ea6\uff1a\u6d45\u8c08\u53e3\u8154\u533b\u5b66\u6587\u5316\u7684\u601d\u8003\u4e0e\u542f\u793a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u6240\u6709\u79d1\u6280\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u533b\u5b66\u6587\u5316\u90fd\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u6587\u5b66\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u7f8e\u5b66\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u6cd5\u89c4\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u800c\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4ec5\u4ecb\u7ecd\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u90b1\u851a\u516d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e0a\u6d77\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u5c5e\u7b2c\u4e5d\u4eba\u6c11\u533b\u9662<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u54f2\u5b66\uff08philosophia\uff09\u7684\u539f\u610f\u662f\u201c\u7231\u667a\u6167\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\uff08\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u601d\u7ef4\uff09\u7684\u6839\u672c\u89c2\u70b9\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u601d\u7ef4\u4e0e\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0e\u7269\u8d28\u3002\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8bba\u662f\u4e24\u70b9\u8bba\u4e0e\u5bf9\u7acb\u548c\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u6cd5\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u6e90\u5730\u95e8\u524d\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u795e\u50cf\uff0c\u800c\u66fe\u5c06\u54f2\u5b66\u6bd4\u55bb\u4e3a\u201c\u4e24\u9762\u795e\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u51c6\u786e\u628a\u63e1\u5bf9\u7acb\u53cc\u65b9\u4e92\u4f9d\u4e92\u5b58\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u5e94\u4e3b\u52a8\u521b\u9020\u6761\u4ef6\u4ee5\u4e3b\u52a8\u4fc3\u6210\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u751f\u547d\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6700\u4e3a\u5bc6\u5207\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u53e4\u4ee3\u66fe\u5c06\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u5bb6\u89c6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u3002\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u79f0\u8c13\u4e0a\u7cfb\u5c06\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5408\u79f0\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff08scientist-philosopher\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u54f2\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff08philosopher-scientist\uff09 \u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u81f3\u4eca\u54f2\u5b66\u5b66\u4f4d\uff08PhD\uff09\u88ab\u89c6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u79d1\u7814\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u6700\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u662f\u6cf0\u5229\u65af\uff08Thales\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u6c34\u662f\u751f\u547d\u57fa\u672c\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u56fe1\uff09 \uff1b\u5e15\u856f\u54e5\u62c9\u65af\uff08Pythagoras\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u6240\u4e0e\u533b\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u6709\u5173\u7684\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u4f46\u975e\u533b\u5b66\u9662\uff08\u56fe2\uff09\uff1b\u533b\u5723\u5e0c\u6ce2\u514b\u62c9\u5e95\uff08Hippocrates\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u533b\u5b66\u4e4b\u7236\uff08\u56fe3\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5747\u5177\u6709\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u5934\u8854\u3002\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u533b\u5b66\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e34\u5e8a\u51b3\u7b56\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fa9\u8bc1\u5173\u7cfb\u9700\u8981\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u8003\u66f4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/p3.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20200723\/4e68c6c71c8d439db69308cba58d2dfa.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u56fe1 \u6c34\u662f\u751f\u547d\u4e4b\u6e90\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u8005\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6Thales \u7684\u96d5\u50cf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/p5.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20200723\/e6839a5a488a47b88e388b590a789daf.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u56fe2 \u65e9\u671f\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u54f2\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6Pythagoras\u7684\u96d5\u50cf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/p5.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20200723\/04454a222a8549e9a1d72e2c38527188.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u56fe3 \u73b0\u4ee3\u533b\u5b66\u4e4b\u7236Hippocrates\uff08\u4ea6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff09\u7684\u96d5\u50cf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5c40\u90e8\u4e0e\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&nbsp;<\/strong>\u8fd9\u662f\u533b\u5b66\u754c\u6700\u5e38\u8c08\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5bf9\u53e3\u8154\u533b\u5b66\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e94\u7262\u8bb0\u201c\u53e3\u8154\u988c\u9762\u90e8\u75be\u75c5\u53ef\u5f71\u54cd\u5168\u8eab\uff1a\u5168\u8eab\u75be\u75c5\u4e5f\u53ef\u9996\u53d1\u4e8e\u53e3\u8154\u988c\u9762\u90e8\u201d\u3002\u7259\u6e90\u6027\u75be\u75c5\uff08\u4e2a\u522b\u4f8b\u5916\uff09\u5219\u662f\u53e3\u8154\u988c\u9762\u90e8\u6240\u72ec\u6709\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u73b0\u8c61\u4e0e\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&nbsp;<\/strong>\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u4e3b\u8bc9\u4e0e\u4e34\u5e8a\u75c7\u72b6\u6709\u65f6\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u8c61\u800c\u975e\u672c\u8d28\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7259\u6e90\u6027\u9762\u90e8\u7618\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bc6\u522b\u5f15\u8d77\u75ff\u7ba1\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5355\u7eaf\u522e\u6cbb\u7618\u7ba1\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u75ca\u6108\u7684\uff1a\u4f46\u5982\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u75c5\u56e0\u4e0e\u7259\u75c5\u4e00\u540c\u65bd\u6cbb\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u970d\u7136\u800c\u6108\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5f97\u4e0e\u5931\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&nbsp;<\/strong>\u5f97\u4e0e\u5931\u662f\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u533b\u7597\u4e2d\u5e38\u6709\u5f97\u4e0e\u5931\u7684\u8003\u8651\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6076\u6027\u80bf\u7624\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u533b\u5e08\u6216\u8005\u5bb6\u5c5e\u90fd\u4f1a\u81ea\u7136\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5f97\u4e0e\u5931\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5728\u62df\u5b9a\u6cbb\u7597\u8ba1\u5212\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u6cbb\u7597\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u8981\u4e88\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u529f\u80fd\u4e0e\u7f8e\u89c2\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&nbsp;<\/strong>\u5728\u53e3\u8154\u988c\u9762\u90e8\u7f3a\u635f\u7578\u5f62\u7684\u75c5\u4f8b\u4e2d\u5e38\u9047\u5230\u6cbb\u7597\u76ee\u7684\u3001\u8981\u6c42\u53ca\u6cbb\u7597\u6240\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u6548\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u95ee\u6709\u76f8\u8f85\u76f8\u6210\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u53ea\u91cd\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u91cd\u5916\u5f62\u7f8e\u89c2\u6216\u53ea\u987e\u5916\u5f62\u7f8e\u89c2\u4e0d\u987e\u529f\u80fd\u90fd\u662f\u7247\u9762\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u7684\u3002\u5e94\u5f53\u52aa\u529b\u521b\u9020\u6761\u4ef6\u8fbe\u5230\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u5916\u5f62\u7f8e\u89c2\u540c\u65f6\u6062\u590d\u6216\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u533b\u5b66\u5faa\u8bc1\u4e0e\u5faa\u8bc1\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&nbsp;<\/strong>\u533b\u5b66\u5faa\u8bc1\uff08medicine based evidence\uff0cMBE\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff1a\u5faa\u8bc1\u533b\u5b66\uff08evidence based medicine\uff0cEBM\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u5c06\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6570\u5b57\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8c\u8005\u4ecd\u5e94\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u5b58\uff0c\u4e92\u901a\u6709\u65e0\u3002\u5f53\u5faa\u8bc1\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u533b\u5b66\u5faa\u8bc1\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u548c\u5ba2\u89c2\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002\u5faa\u8bc1\u533b\u5b66\u867d\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u6027\u8f83\u5f3a\uff0c\u4f46\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u4e0d\u80fd\u5355\u7eaf\u4f9d\u8d56\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5faa\u8bc1\u533b\u5b66\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f53\u73b0\u201c \u60c5\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u4ee3\u66ff\u201c\u4ec1\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u5176\u7f3a\u9677\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u9002\u5e94\u8bc1\u4e0e\u7981\u5fcc\u8bc1&nbsp;<\/strong>\u4e34\u5e8a\u4e0a\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u75be\u75c5\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u624b\u672f\u6cbb\u7597\u65f6\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u9002\u5e94\u8bc1\u548c\u7981\u5fcc\u8bc1\u3002\u7136\u800c\u9002\u5e94\u8bc1\u4e0e\u7981\u5fcc\u8bc1\u4e0d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u6cbb\u7597\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u9020\u6761\u4ef6\u4f7f\u7981\u5fcc\u8bc1\u53d8\u4e3a\u9002\u5e94\u8bc1\uff0c\u4f7f\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u201d\u53d8\u4e3a\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u7ef4\u5728\u533b\u7597\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u751f\u5b58\u7387\u4e0e\u751f\u5b58\u8d28\u91cf&nbsp;<\/strong>\u533b\u7597\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u4f7f\u60a3\u8005\u80fd\u5ef6\u7eed\u751f\u547d\u5e76\u671f\u5180\u5176\u5eb7\u590d\u3002\u5728\u80bf\u7624\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u4e2d\u5e38\u5e38\u4ee55\u5e74\u751f\u5b58\u7387\u4e3a\u5224\u65ad\u6cbb\u7597\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6307\u6807\u3002\u968f\u7740\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u751f\u5b58\u8d28\u91cf\u88ab\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u6cbb\u7597\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u66f4\u9ad8\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002\u201c\u5065\u5eb7\u751f\u5b58\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u66f4\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u533b\u60a3\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u65b0\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u4e0d\u4f46\u8981\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u5b58\u7387\u8fd8\u8981\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u5b58\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5e94\u53ea\u662f\u5355\u7eaf\u8ffd\u6c42\u751f\u5b58\u7387\u3002\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u751f\u5b58\u7387\u4e0e\u751f\u5b58\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5e94\u6709\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u2014\u2014\u521b\u9020\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u517c\u987e\u4e8c\u8005\uff0c\u505a\u4e0d\u5230\u65f6\u5219\u5b9c\u5c3d\u91cf\u8d8b\u5229\u907f\u5bb3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9664\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5916\uff0c\u533b\u7597\u4e2d\u8fd8\u9700\u7528\u5230\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u8003\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4ecd\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u4e0e\u4e2a\u4f53\u5316\uff0c\u9526\u4e0a\u6dfb\u82b1\u4e0e\u96ea\u4e2d\u9001\u70ad\uff0c\u804c\u4e1a\u8005\u4e0e\u4e8b\u4e1a\u8005\u7b49\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7bc7\u5e45\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e88\u5c55\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e94\u5f53\u8bf4\u4e1c\u65b9\u533b\u5b66\u662f\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u6700\u957f\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u7684\u4e2d\u533b\u836f\u5b66\u662f\u4e1c\u65b9\u533b\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u4e2d\u533b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\uff0c\u9634\u9633\u5b66\u8bf4\u3001\u810f\u8151\u3001\u7ecf\u7edc\u5b66\u8bf4\u3001\u6cbb\u672a\u75c5\u8bba\u7b49\u5747\u5177\u6709\u6781\u5f3a\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u7406\u5ff5\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u7ef4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u897f\u65b9\u533b\u5b66\u867d\u6bd4\u4e1c\u65b9\u533b\u5b66\u8d77\u6b65\u8981\u665a\uff0c\u4f46\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc5\u901f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u5b9e\u8bc1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u9762\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6210\u7ee9\uff0c\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u533b\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u6253\u4e0b\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8fd1\u4ee3\u57fa\u7840\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u89e3\u5256\u5b66\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u75c5\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u90fd\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u533b\u5b66\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u8fd8\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fdb\u5316\u53f2\u3002\u7259\u3001\u9885\u9aa8\u4e0e\u988c\u9aa8\u5316\u77f3\u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u534f\u52a9\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7684\u6807\u672c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u53e3\u8154\u988c\u9762\u90e8\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8d44\u6599\uff08\u56fe4~6\uff09\u3002\u52a0\u5f3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u4e0e\u533b\u5b66\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u53e3\u8154\u533b\u5b66\u53f2\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u79d1\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc6\u75be\u75c5\u53d1\u751f\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8f68\u8ff9\u548c\u89c4\u5f8b\u5747\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/p7.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20200723\/462ec193456c4ab68b4ce320002bca00.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u56fe4 \u8fdc\u53e4\u7259\u9f7f\u7684\u9762\u5c16\u7259\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u65e9\u671f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u996e\u98df\u7ed3\u6784\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7ebf\u7d22\uff08\u5f15\u81ea\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u300b\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/p0.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20200723\/9f7383e9c2294c90a8c98b5d0db10002.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u56fe5 \u51fa\u571f\u7684\u516c\u5143\u524d2000 \u5e74\u7684\u9885\u9aa8\u793a\u51f9\u9677\u53ca\u94bb\u5b54\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u4e3a\u4e86\u6cbb\u7597\u5934\u75db\u7b49\u75be\u75c5\u6240\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9885\u9aa8\u5916\u4f24\u6240\u81f4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/p3.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20200723\/56c5e799a9114d6d9012d9dbcb2685b3.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u56fe6 5300\u5e74\u524d\u6b7b\u4e8e\u51b0\u5ddd\u4e0a\u7684\u51b0\u4eba\u201c\u5965\u8328\u201d\u60a3\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u7259\u5468\u75c5\u548c\u9f8b\u75c5\uff08\u7bad\u5934\u793a\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53e4\u4eba\u4e91\uff1a\u4ee5\u53f2\u4e3a\u955c\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u533b\u5b66\u53f2\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u8fc7\u53bb\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5148\u4eba\u4eec\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1b\u5bf9\u7167\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1a\u540c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5bfc\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6765\u8be5\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ea\u6709\u5b66\u4e60\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u4f20\u627f\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u521b\u9020\u5386\u53f2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u827a\u672f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2009\u5e74\u300a\u8f9e\u6d77\u300b\u5bf9\u201c\u827a\u672f\u201d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u201c\u827a\u672f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5851\u9020\u5f62\u8c61\u5177\u4f53\u53cd\u6620\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4f5c\u8005\u601d\u60f3\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u827a\u672f\u56db\u5206\u7c7b\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u2460\u8868\u6f14\u827a\u672f\uff08\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u821e\u8e48\uff09\uff1b\u2461\u9020\u578b\u827a\u672f\uff08\u7ed8\u753b\u3001\u96d5\u5851\uff09\uff1b\u2462\u8bed\u8a00\u827a\u672f\uff08\u6587\u5b66\uff09\uff1b\u2463\u7efc\u5408\u827a\u672f\uff08\u620f\u5267\u3001\u7535\u5f71\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u827a\u672f\u4e5f\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1b\u2460\u65f6\u95f4\u827a\u672f\uff08\u97f3\u4e50\uff09\uff1b\u2461\u7a7a\u95f4\u827a\u672f\uff08\u7ed8\u753b\u3001\u96d5\u5851\uff09\uff1b\u2462\u7efc\u5408\u827a\u672f\uff08\u620f\u5267\u3001\u7535\u5f71\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u827a\u672f\u5e94\u5305\u542b\uff1a\u6587\u827a\u3001\u6b66\u827a\u548c\u6280\u827a\u3002\u6587\u827a\u3001\u6280\u827a\u4e0e\u533b\u5b66\u90fd\u6709\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6280\u827a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u53e3\u8154\u533b\u5b66\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u7684\u7ed3\u5408&nbsp;<\/strong>\u5174\u8d77\u4e8e14 \u4e16\u7eaa\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u800c\u76db\u653e\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u6027\u201d\u548c\u201c \u827a\u672f\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u795e\u4ea4\u201d\u3002\u827a\u672f\u4ee5\u6bd5\u52a0\u7d22\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5219\u4ee5\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u524d\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u57f9\u517b\u6587\u5316\u4eba\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5174\u8da3\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u8981\u63d0\u5347\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u7d20\u517b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u7684\u5171\u540c\u70b9&nbsp;<\/strong>\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u52a8\u8111\u3001\u52a8\u624b\u548c\u52a8\u53e3\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5171\u540c\u8ffd\u6c42\u5219\u662f\u201c\u7f8e\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u533b\u5e08\u5bf9\u75be\u75c5\u8bca\u6cbb\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u8111\uff1b\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u7ef4\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u8111\u3002\u533b\u7597\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5916\u79d1\u624b\u672f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u624b\u672f\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7075\u5de7\u7684\u624b\uff1b\u827a\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u7ed8\u753b\u3001\u6444\u5f71\u3001\u4e50\u5668\u8868\u6f14\u7b49\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u624b\u624d\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u8457\u540d\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\uff08MIT\uff09 \u7684\u9662\u8bad\u4e3a\uff1a\u201cMIND and HAND\uff08\u624b\u8111\u5e76\u7528\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u624b\u8111\u5e76\u7528\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u9700\u8981\u52a8\u53e3\uff0c\u6b4c\u58f0\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee4\u4eba\u9676\u9189\uff1b\u5f71\u89c6\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u767d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee4\u4eba\u53eb\u7edd\u3002\u533b\u5e08\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u8981\u7ed9\u60a3\u8005\u4ee5\u5b89\u6170\uff0c\u7ed9\u60a3\u8005\u4ee5\u6218\u80dc\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u52c7\u6c14\uff0c\u66f4\u9700\u8981\u8bed\u8a00\u201c\u7f8e\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u827a\u672f\u548c\u533b\u5b66\u90fd\u6c42\u7f8e\u3002\u624b\u672f\u56fe\u8c31\u5e94\u662f\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1b\u81f3\u4e8e\u6574\u5f62\u624b\u672f\u548c\u6cbb\u7597\u5219\u66f4\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u5ba1\u7f8e\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u533b\u5b66\u4e0e\u827a\u672f\u7f8e&nbsp;<\/strong>2009\u5e74\u7248\u300a\u8f9e\u6d77\u300b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u201c\u827a\u672f\u7f8e\u201d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u751f\u6d3b\u52a0\u4ee5\u96c6\u4e2d\u3001\u6982\u62ec\u3001\u52a0\u5de5\u3001\u63d0\u70bc\u800c\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u827a\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u7f8e\u2026\u2026\u662f\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u771f\u5584\u7f8e\u4e0e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7f8e\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u7f8e\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u548c\u7f8e\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u827a\u672f\u7f8e\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0e\u4e34\u5e8a\u533b\u5b66\u548c\u53e3\u8154\u533b\u5b66\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684\uff0c\u53e3\u8154\u533b\u5b66\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u91cd\u5851\u529f\u80fd\u4e0e\u7f8e\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u3002\u9762\u90e8\u7f8e\u3001\u7259\u9f7f\u7f8e\u3001\u7259\u5217\u7f8e\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u63d0\u9ad8\u5230\u662f\u53cd\u6620\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6587\u5316\u8fdb\u6b65\u548c\u6587\u660e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5bb9\u8c8c\u7f8e\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e4b\u95f4\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6210\u4e3a\u5f71\u54cd\u4e8b\u4e1a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ffd\u6c42\u7f8e\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u53e3\u8154\u533b\u5b66\u7684\u4e9a\u4e13\u4e1a\u5b66\u79d1\uff1a\u7259\u4f53\u4fee\u590d\u5b66\u3001\u53e3\u8154\u4fee\u590d\u5b66\u3001\u53e3\u8154\u6b63\u7578\u5b66\u3001\u53e3\u8154\u988c\u9762\u6574\u590d\u5916\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u6b63\u988c\u5916\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u7f8e\u5bb9\u5916\u79d1\u5b66\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u8fd8\u6d89\u53ca\u201c\u662f\u9526\u4e0a\u6dfb\u82b1\u8fd8\u662f\u96ea\u4e2d\u9001\u70ad\u201d\u201c\u662f\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5916\u79d1\u8fd8\u662f\u7f8e\u5bb9\u5916\u79d1\u201d\u7b49\u54f2\u5b66\u547d\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u79d1\u5b66\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u5f62\u8c61\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u533b\u5b66\u66f4\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u6444\u5f71\u548c\u7ed8\u753b\u3002\u524d\u8ff0\u8fbe\u00b7\u82ac\u5947\u7684\u89e3\u5256\u5b66\u624b\u7a3f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u533b\u5b66\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5916\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u624b\u672f\u8bb0\u5f55\u66f4\u662f\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u56fe\u8c31\uff08\u56fe7\uff09\u3002\u75c5\u4f8b\u6444\u5f71\u66f4\u662f\u533b\u5b66\u79d1\u7814\u521b\u9020\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u7684\u5b9e\u8bc1\u8d44\u6599\uff08\u56fe8\uff09\u3002\u663e\u5fae\u6444\u5f71\u53ef\u4f7f\u79d1\u5b66\u5143\u7d20\u4e2d\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u56fe\u50cf\u663e\u793a\u4e8e\u4f17\uff08\u56fe9\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u63ed\u793a\u5176\u5728\u7ec6\u80de\u6c34\u5e73\u6216\u5206\u5b50\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u5965\u5999\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/p1.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20200723\/e6affb9e85274c4fb2c09119af645c33.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u56fe7 \u300a\u53e3\u8154\u988c\u9762\u5916\u79d1\u624b\u672f\u56fe\u8c31\u300b\u63d2\u56fe\uff08\u6458\u81ea\u8457\u540d\u53e3\u8154\u988c\u9762\u5916\u79d1\u4e13\u5bb6\u59da\u745e\u6052\u6559\u63881970\u5e74\u6240\u8457\u7684\u300a\u53e3\u8154\u988c\u9762\u5916\u79d1\u624b\u672f\u56fe\u8c31\u300b\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/p7.itc.cn\/q_70\/images03\/20200723\/450ca150bbf44cd89b5322149c012de3.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u56fe8 A\u4e3a16\u4e16\u7eaa\u6728\u96d5\u793a\u7736\u9762\u7578\u5f62\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\uff1bB\u4e3a1741\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u624b\u672f\u56fe\u8c31\u793a\u816e\u817a\u591a\u5f62\u6027\u817a\u7624\u624b\u672f\u524d\u540e<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img 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